PET - PBT - PETP - PTT - Thermoplastic polyester
Thermoplastic polyester
PET poly-ethylene glycol terephthalate
PBT Polybutylen terephthalat poly-butylenterephthalat
PETP polyethylene terephthalate
PTT, Polytrimethylene terephthalate
Application: The largest consumption of PET is for magnetic tapes and packaging material. PET bottles are used for, textile fibers (Dacron Polyester) and packaging material, for example packaging material for use in microwave oven and roasting bags.
Amorf polyethylene terephthalate (A-PET) used, where there is also demand for a thermoplastic with a high transparency and high durability. Typical applications are thermoformed displays, production of fibers and foils, containers for food products, shields for machines, and equipment for storage and sterilization with ETO and gamma rays (not steam) of medicine equipment and instruments.
C-PET is suitable for the production of bottles by injection molding and stretch blow molding.
The largest amounts of PBT is processed by injection molding and extrusion. Electronic- and automotive are among the major buyers. PBT is used for electrical components, contacts, gear and wear parts. stock, bushings, castors, door handles etc..
PETP and PETP the modified type of TX applied to mechanical parts which are relatively highly loaded components, like combined with a demand for dimensional accuracy, low friction and low wear, as a tenant, gears, rolls and the like mechanical elements. PETP used in electrical and electronic equipment .
Polyester film (PETF) is a semi-crystalline films used in many applications such as video tape, High kvallitets-packing, professional photographic print, X-ray film, floppy disks, etc..
PETG, are similar in chemistry to PET but with the addition of glycol. also known as glycolised polyester, is for example used for the production of bottles. Softer and more pliable than PET. Easy to scratch, susceptible to harmful UV light, and can not be autoclaved. PETG has good impact resistance and outstanding thermoforming characteristics.
PTT used bla.a. to wallpaper fibers, textile fibers, film m.m.
Fire: PET and PBT may be inhibited fire with and without halogens. PET and PBT degraded by complete combustion to CO2 and water vapor.
Semi-crystalline PETP is difficult to ignite the oxygen index 25, but is not self-extinguishing. Flammable class UL 94 HB.
amorphous PET (A-PET og PETG) classified to UL 94 V-2 for 3 mm plate.
PET PBT right fire retardant and in class V-0 UL 94 standard.
Bending: PETG and films of PET are excellent for heat bending. PETG must have a temperature of 125-160 ° C. PETG can also be up to cold bends. 2 mm thickness.
Semi-crystalline PETP should reach approximately. 270°C, and is therefore difficult to heat the plastic molds.
Electrical properties: PET and PBT have similar electrical properties over a wide temperature- and humidity ranges.
PETP has a high dielectric strength and high volume resistivity, good electrical properties, wich are stable over a large temperature range, and is not affected
moisture. The dielectric properties are excellent for most applications and remains constant over a large frequency range,.
Colors: PETP is white. PBT er til beige hvidlig.
PET and PBT can be colored in virtually any color with a color adding up to about. 3%.
Indfarvningsmulighederne depends on plasticisers, fillers, minerals and reinforcing materials.
A-PET er en transparent klar plast.
It is excellent to print on PTT textiles.
Moisture absorption: Little moisture absorption, gives little choking ie. dimensionsstabil.
Physiological properties: PET and PBT can be approved for food contact and medical articles.
PETP can be approved for food contact according to FDA (USA) and BGA (Germany) og US.
PETP may be used with food. For food packaging can be used A-PET and PET-G, which can be approved by the FDA and BGA.
PET can be sterilized by ethylene oxide and gamma radiation.
After FDA must PETG not be used for food contact, that is intended to be heated in the container, to temperatures above 82C, or store above 49C. The alcohol content must not exceed 8 %.
PETP takes up almost no water, but at temperatures above 70 ° C it is attacked by hydrolysis, and therefore should not be steam sterilized.
recycling: Recycling is generally possible with ca. 25 % Shredders of interest, dry and debris.
Trade names: Bioter is a trading name of PBT.
DuPont Teijin Films, supplier of PET and PEN polyester films which trade names include: Mylar ®, Melinex ®, og Teijin ® Tetoron ® PET polyester film, Teonex ® PEN polyester film, and Cronar ® polyester photographic film base.
Fibers for use in fabrics is known as the trade name Terylene.
PET = Trevira og Dralon
PTT, (polytrimethylene terephthalate) = CORTERRA
History:
John Rex Whinfield
James Tennant Dickson
The Britiske chemists, John Rex Whinfield og James Tennant Dickson, employed in the Calico Printer’s Association laboratory in Manchester, examines the 1939 thermoplastic polyester and patents “polyethylene terephthalate” (Also referred to as PET or PETE) i 1941, after development from the early research of Wallace Carothers. They saw that Carothers’s research had not considered the polyester formed from ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. Polyethylene terephthalate er basis for syntetiske fibre som polyester, dacron, and terylene. Whinfield and Dickson also created, while the inventors W.K. Birtwhistle og C.G. Ritchiethey, the first polyester fiber called Terylene in 1941 (First manufactured by Imperial Chemical Industries abbreviated ICI). The second polyester fiber was Dupont’s Dacron.
DuPont was in direct competition with Britain’s recently formed Imperial Chemical Industries. DuPont and ICI agreed in October 1929 to share information on patents, research and development. I 1952, the companies’ alliance dissolved. The polymer which turns into polyester rooted in Wallace Carothers description of 1929. Yet DuPont chose to concentrate on the more promising nylon research. Since DuPont returned to polyester research, ICI had patented Terylene polyester, for which DuPont acquired the US rights 1945 for further development.
I 1950, started a pilot plant at Seaford, Delaware, producing Dacron [polyester] modified nylon fiber technology.”
Dupont’s polyester research leader for a number of trademarks, an example is Mylar (1952), extraordinarily strong polyester (PET) films that emerged from the development of Dacron in the tidlige1950s.
DuPont Teijin Films (Founded d. 1 January 2000) is a leading supplier of PET and PEN polyester films which trade names include: Mylar ®, Melinex ®, and Teijin ® Tetoron ® PET polyester film, Teonex ® PEN polyester film, and Cronar ® polyester photographic film base.
I 1979 PET bottles were introduced.
PTT was patented in 1941 but first in the 1990 Shell Chemicals develops an inexpensive method to produce (PDO)1,3-propanediol , the raw material for PTT, and initiates the commercial production of CORTERRA.
Identification fire test: Polyethylenterephtalate (PETP) Burns with a sooting, orange yellow flame. Drips. Smells sweetish. Difficult to ignite. Is not self-extinguishing.
Category: PBT plast er en semikrystallinsk TEKNISK
Chemical resistance: PBT is above 50-60C˚ sensitive to hydrolysis, so the molecules are broken down and the plastic can become brittle. PBT is resistant to most chemical substances, at room temperature.
PETP tolerate solutions of weak acids and bases but can not withstand prolonged contact with hot water. Hydrocarbon tolerate PETP aliphatic and aromatic solvents, oils, grease and fuels. PETP is not always above acetone,
chloroform and concentrated acids and alkalis.
PET is resistant to most chemical substances, at room temperature, but can not withstand prolonged contact with hot water.
PETG is not as resilient as the other types of PETP-.
Chemical structure: PBT er et delkrystallinsk (semikrystallinsk) thermoplastic engineering plastics, obtained by polycondensation, and a density of approximately. 1,31 to 1,32 g/cm3.
PETP is a thermoplastic polyester. The material is delkrystallinsk
There are plastics such as. is letflydende, reinforced with glass fiber, fire-retardant and non-halogen and a series of polymer blend which may consist of PBT / PET, PBT/ASA, PBT / PC,PBT / PMMA og PBT / TPE.
PET is produced from raw materials crude oil and natural gas.
A-PET and PET-G is Amorphous types.
PTT 1,35 g/cm3
Bonding: A pretreatment of the surface is required in the form of degreasing and grinding, or chemical pre-treatment. Suitable adhesives are epoxy and polyurethane or cyanoacrylate. PETG can be glued with methylene chloride and methylethylketone.
Mechanical properties: PETP are among the stiffest of termoplasttyperne. Petpet tolerate large static and dynamic loads, little koldflydning and have good impact strength but is kærvfølsomt. PETP has a low and constant friction coefficient. PETP is very abrasion resistant to friction wear.
PBT is a weaker plastic, but with better kærvslag strength. PBT har god styrke, stiffness and hardness. In addition, the plastic good friction- and slidegenskaber.
Optical properties: A-PET og PET-G har en lystransmission, svarer som til PMMAs
Surface treatment: Painting and printing is performed by using color polyester.
Polishing: PET-types can be polished to a high gloss with polishing paste and fabric discs.
PETP have hard and buffable surface.
Injection molding: PBT should have a temperature of 250-270º C by injection molding and by extrusion 230-290º C.
Tool Surface temperature by injection molding: 40-80º C by unreinforced PBT and 60-100º C by fiberglass reinforced PBT.
In addition to the basic types are a variety of types, such as. is letflydende, reinforced with glass fiber or mineral filled, fire-retardant and non halogens.
Polymer Glare can scroll. a. consist of PBT / PET, PBT/ASA, PBT / PC, PBT / PMMA eller PBT / TPE.
PBT blends amorfe polymerer med som ABS, ASA and PC provides parts with a small roll, good flow properties and lower density.
PET and PBT have large shrink wind, if they are not glass reinforced or mineral-filled. PET and PBT should be dried before processing
Cutting: PETP machined on ordinary machine tools. Should be used for high cutting speed, Low tightening and sharp tools. Topics with large wall thickness variations should roughing previously heated to 120-130 ° C, optionally in the hot air or glycerin, to avoid tension. Avoid sharp inside corners.
Welding: Amorphous PET can be welded with hot air- and varmspejlsvejsning, friktionssvejsning and ultralydssvejsning.
Polyethylenterephtalate (PETP) can be welded with the hot mirror 250-270 ° C, infrared butt welding, hot air welding 280-320°C , ultrasonic welding or friction welding.
Thermal Properties: amorphous PET (A-PET og PET-G) can be used up to + 65 ° C.
PETP is among the semi-crystalline materials, with the lowest linear thermal expansion coefficient. At the same time recorder PETP very little moisture, making it one of the most dimensionally stable unreinforced plastics.
PETP may anvendes in the temperature range -40 to 100 ° C, briefly to 160 ° C. Reinforced glass types can be used close to the crystalline melting point which is about. 250°C
PBT has a crystalline melting point of about. 224 °C. PBT is thermally sensitive in engineering.
PET and PBT has application temperature from -40 ° C +140 °C.
PTT, (polytrimethylene terephthalate) melting point of 228ºC
additives, Compounderings- and indfarvningsmuligheder: PBT can be added plasticizers, fillers, minerals and various reinforcing materials.
Types of material mixtures which PBT and PET are included, være the PBT / PET, PET/PEN, PBT/PVC,
PBT/ABS, PBT / PC MFL.
PET and PBT can be dyed in any color with a color adding up to approximately. 3%.
The pigments may be phthalocyanine, dioxazinviolet, Copper phthalocyanine, perylenderivater, chinacridon.
Pigments must be temperature stable.
There may be added such as antioxidants of fenoltypen. pentacryltriethyltetrakis-3-(3,5-of(tert-butyl)-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate and 2-(hydroxyphenyl)benzotriasol.
Against static electricity can be added svovlterephthalsyre or ethoxylated phosphoric.
Fire Retardant can be used in the form of inter alia. 9% decabromphenylether og 4%.antimontrioxid.
UV- Stability: PETP can be used outdoors.
The clear PET (PETG) is U-V resistant.
PBT has reasonable resistance to UV radiation.
Thermoforming (Termoformning): Amorphous PETG and films of PET can be due to the low forming temperature achieve high process speed. PETG must have a temperature of 125-160 ° C.
PETG can be up to koldbukkes 2 mm thickness.
Semi-crystalline PETP is more difficult to heat molds, as it requires a temperature of approximately. 270°C.
Density PET ( gram / cm³ ) : 1,39
